Nutrients, Vol. 17, Pages 39: Dietary Iron Intake and Mental and Behavioral Disorders Due to Use of Tobacco: A UK Biobank Study
Nutrients doi: 10.3390/nu17010039
Authors:
Qi
Zhang
Zhu
Luo
Zhang
Wang
Wang
Zhang
Background: Over 1 billion smokers worldwide, one-third of whom have mental and behavioral disorders, exist. However, factors influencing mental and behavioral dis-orders due to the use of tobacco remain largely unexplored. This study aims to investigate the relationship between dietary iron intake and mental and behavioral disorders due to the use of tobacco. Methods: Using large population cohort data from the UK Biobank (500,000 participants at 22 assessment centers between 2006 and 2010), we employed lo-gistic and Cox regression analyses to explore both cross-sectional and longitudinal asso-ciations between dietary iron intake and mental and behavioral disorders due to the use of tobacco. Additionally, we assessed the nonlinear relationship between dietary iron in-take and these disorders using restricted cubic spline plots. Results: Logistic regression analysis indicated that dietary iron intake was negatively associated with mental and be-havioral disorders due to the use of tobacco. The Cox regression results supported a pro-tective effect of increased dietary iron intake against these disorders. Stratified and sensi-tivity analyses were consistent with the primary findings. Restricted cubic spline plots revealed a nonlinear relationship between dietary iron intake and mental and behavioral disorders due to the use of tobacco. In the total sample, as well as in both age groups and the male subgroup, the risk reduction rate initially accelerated before slowing down. In contrast, the risk reduction rate in the female group declined rapidly at first and then leveled off. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that dietary iron intake has a protective effect against mental and behavioral disorders due to the use of tobacco, revealing a non-linear association between these two traits. These findings provide important insights for the profilaxy and treatment of mental and behavioral disorders due to the use of tobacco in the future.
Background: Over 1 billion smokers worldwide, one-third of whom have mental and behavioral disorders, exist. However, factors influencing mental and behavioral dis-orders due to the use of tobacco remain largely unexplored. This study aims to investigate the relationship between dietary iron intake and mental and behavioral disorders due to the use of tobacco. Methods: Using large population cohort data from the UK Biobank (500,000 participants at 22 assessment centers between 2006 and 2010), we employed lo-gistic and Cox regression analyses to explore both cross-sectional and longitudinal asso-ciations between dietary iron intake and mental and behavioral disorders due to the use of tobacco. Additionally, we assessed the nonlinear relationship between dietary iron in-take and these disorders using restricted cubic spline plots. Results: Logistic regression analysis indicated that dietary iron intake was negatively associated with mental and be-havioral disorders due to the use of tobacco. The Cox regression results supported a pro-tective effect of increased dietary iron intake against these disorders. Stratified and sensi-tivity analyses were consistent with the primary findings. Restricted cubic spline plots revealed a nonlinear relationship between dietary iron intake and mental and behavioral disorders due to the use of tobacco. In the total sample, as well as in both age groups and the male subgroup, the risk reduction rate initially accelerated before slowing down. In contrast, the risk reduction rate in the female group declined rapidly at first and then leveled off. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that dietary iron intake has a protective effect against mental and behavioral disorders due to the use of tobacco, revealing a non-linear association between these two traits. These findings provide important insights for the profilaxy and treatment of mental and behavioral disorders due to the use of tobacco in the future. Read More