Nutrients, Vol. 18, Pages 1294: An Exploratory Pilot Study of Inflammatory Cytokine Gene Polymorphisms and Residual Postoperative Outcomes in Older Women One Year After Bariatric Surgery
Nutrients doi: 10.3390/nu18081294
Authors:
Dante Mafra Tourino Teixeira
Antonio Avelino Ferreira Soares
Renata de Souza Freitas
Larissa Sousa Silva Bonasser
Caroline Ferreira Fratelli
Calliandra Maria de Souza Silva
Evelyn Mikaela Kogawa
Linconl Agudo Oliveira Benito
Izabel Cristina Rodrigues da Silva
Background/Objectives: Obesity is characterized by chronic low-grade inflammation, and bariatric surgery promotes substantial metabolic and inflammatory improvement. However, residual obesity and microvascular complications may persist in some individuals, suggesting potential genetic influences on postoperative outcomes. This exploratory pilot study investigated the association between inflammatory cytokine gene polymorphisms and clinical, metabolic, and inflammatory outcomes in older women one year after bariatric surgery. Methods: This cross-sectional, hypothesis-generating pilot study included 21 women aged ≥50 years (mean 61.6 ± 5.0) who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass at a public bariatric center in Brazil. Anthropometry, body composition, biochemical markers, and serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were assessed 12 months postoperatively. Genotyping for IL6-174G/C (rs1800795) and TNFA-308G/A (rs1800629) was performed using PCR-RFLP. Associations were analyzed using non-parametric statistical tests. Results: Notably, the IL6-174CC genotype was associated with persistent obesity, whereas carriers of the TNFA-308A allele showed a higher prevalence of diabetic retinopathy. These results highlight genotype-specific postoperative outcomes. No significant genotype-related differences were observed for most anthropometric, biochemical, or inflammatory parameters, indicating substantial overall metabolic improvement after surgery regardless of genetic background. However, the observed associations were based on a small sample and should be interpreted cautiously. Conclusions: This exploratory pilot study revealed associations between inflammatory cytokine gene polymorphisms and selected postoperative outcomes, particularly persistent obesity and diabetic retinopathy, in older women one year after bariatric surgery. These hypothesis-generating findings emphasize the need for larger, longitudinal studies to clarify the role of genetic factors in postoperative heterogeneity after bariatric surgery.
Background/Objectives: Obesity is characterized by chronic low-grade inflammation, and bariatric surgery promotes substantial metabolic and inflammatory improvement. However, residual obesity and microvascular complications may persist in some individuals, suggesting potential genetic influences on postoperative outcomes. This exploratory pilot study investigated the association between inflammatory cytokine gene polymorphisms and clinical, metabolic, and inflammatory outcomes in older women one year after bariatric surgery. Methods: This cross-sectional, hypothesis-generating pilot study included 21 women aged ≥50 years (mean 61.6 ± 5.0) who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass at a public bariatric center in Brazil. Anthropometry, body composition, biochemical markers, and serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were assessed 12 months postoperatively. Genotyping for IL6-174G/C (rs1800795) and TNFA-308G/A (rs1800629) was performed using PCR-RFLP. Associations were analyzed using non-parametric statistical tests. Results: Notably, the IL6-174CC genotype was associated with persistent obesity, whereas carriers of the TNFA-308A allele showed a higher prevalence of diabetic retinopathy. These results highlight genotype-specific postoperative outcomes. No significant genotype-related differences were observed for most anthropometric, biochemical, or inflammatory parameters, indicating substantial overall metabolic improvement after surgery regardless of genetic background. However, the observed associations were based on a small sample and should be interpreted cautiously. Conclusions: This exploratory pilot study revealed associations between inflammatory cytokine gene polymorphisms and selected postoperative outcomes, particularly persistent obesity and diabetic retinopathy, in older women one year after bariatric surgery. These hypothesis-generating findings emphasize the need for larger, longitudinal studies to clarify the role of genetic factors in postoperative heterogeneity after bariatric surgery. Read More